يَكُن (yakun)He was

 Let’s now take a deeper look at the word يَكُن (yakun) — it's a very common and important verb in Arabic and especially powerful in the context of Surah Al-Ikhlāṣ.

وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ
“And there is none comparable to Him.” (Surah 112:4)

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🔍 Word Breakdown: يَكُن

💡 From the root: كَانَ (kāna)

• كَانَ = to be, to exist, was

• يَكُونُ = he is / he becomes (present tense)

But here, we have:

يَكُن
✅ Present tense
✅ Jussive form (used after negation like لَمْ)
✅ Meaning: “was” / “is” (negated)

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🧠 With the negation لَمْ:

• لَمْ يَكُن = ❌ “He was not” / “There was not”

So in the full verse:

وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ
It means:
❌ "And there was not to Him any equal."
or more naturally:
👉 "And there is none comparable to Him."

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📝 Grammar Insight:

• يَكُن is the imperfect/jussive verb: it matches أَحَدٌ (anyone) as the subject.

• It's common in classical Arabic, especially in Qur’anic phrasing like:

  • لَمْ يَكُن (was not)

  • لَا يَكُونُ (is not)

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✅ Summary

Word	يَكُن
Root	ك-و-ن (to be)
Form	Present tense (jussive)
Meaning	He is / He was (negated here: was not)
Context	Expresses the nonexistence of any equal or comparable being to Allah